Can England still claim to be a nation of animal lovers? Some people aren’t sure. An animal rights group says abused animals are “hapless victims of our affluent throwaway society.”

Pets are no longer purchased solely for companionship, but as a disposable accessory indicating a lifestyle choice. Williams gives the examples of the influence of celebrity pets such as Paris Hilton’s dogs, photographed hanging out of handbags, or grizzly dogs on chains, brandished as a symbol of aggression.